Mysterious ‘Las Labradas’ Petroglyphs With Roots In The Pre-Columbian Times Of Mexico – Ancient Pages

A. Sutherland  – AncientPages.com – Sinaloa’s rocks covered with a variety of figures are true history rocks, a legacy of mythological traditions with roots
— Read on www.ancientpages.com/2020/10/09/mysterious-las-labradas-petroglyphs-with-roots-in-the-pre-columbian-times-of-mexico/

Understanding Aztatlán material culture through archaeometry

In the last half century, great strides have been made in the archaeological sciences. Where we once relied upon macroscopic analyses, typological study, and visual characteristics, archaeologists now routinely utilize a variety of archaeometric methods to learn more about the production, trade, and use of various material culture items.
— Read on una-editions.fr/understanding-aztatlan-material-culture/

Mechica: Indigenous Origin of the Chicano Hybrid Identity

www.se.edu/native-american/wp-content/uploads/sites/49/2020/06/4.pdf

Mechica: Indigenous Origin of the Chicano Hybrid Identity

Rolando J. Diaz Southeastern Oklahoma State University

Both Homi Bhabha and Gloria Anzaldúa speak of a “third” element that emerges as a “structure of ambivalence” (Bhabha 217) and as a “new consciousness” (Anzaldúa 102). Bhabha develops his concept of culture in terms of class, gender, and race, whereas Anzaldúa bases her concept of culture in terms of fluid, and transient borders. The term Mechica and the Chicano hybrid identity (historical, cultural, and linguistic) are presented here as an amalgamation of various components that when brought together result in something new, something distinct, and something altogether greater than the sum of its parts. The native roots of the Chicano can be traced back to the Aztecs and to other indigenous people in what would become Mexico. His European roots were introduced by the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492. The complexity of the Chicano is that he is both the conqueror and the conquered. He is an amalgamation of both the indigenous and the European. He speaks the language of conquest (Spanish in Mexico; English in the United States), yet holds on to remnants of Nahuatl. This paper will approach the Chicano identity as hybrid of the Indigenous/Native American and the European/Spanish patrimonies.

The Native Conquistador: Alva Ixtlilxochitl’s Account of the Conquest of New Spain Edited and translated by Amber Brian, Bradley Benton, and Pablo García Loaeza

For many years, scholars of the conquest worked to shift focus away from the Spanish perspective and bring attention to the often-ignored voices and viewpoints of the Indians. But recent work that highlights the “Indian conquistadors” has forced scholars to reexamine the simple categories of conqueror and subject and to acknowledge the seemingly contradictory roles assumed by native peoples who chose to fight alongside the Spaniards against other native groups. The Native Conquistador—a translation of the “Thirteenth Relation,” written by don Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxochitl in the early seventeenth century—narrates the conquest of Mexico from Hernando Cortés’s arrival in 1519 through his expedition into Central America in 1524. The protagonist of the story, however, is not the Spanish conquistador but Alva Ixtlilxochitl’s great-great-grandfather, the native prince Ixtlilxochitl of Tetzcoco. This account reveals the complex political dynamics that motivated Ixtlilxochitl’s decisive alliance with Cortés. Moreover, the dynamic plotline, propelled by the feats of Prince Ixtlilxochitl, has made this a compelling story for centuries—and one that will captivate students and scholars today.
— Read on www.psupress.org/books/titles/978-0-271-06685-1.html